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Posted by : Saurabh Gupta Saturday, May 6, 2017

WHAT IS PREFABRICATION ?
  • The concept of precast structures also known as prefabricated/ modular structures.
  • The prefabrication is the oldest and most successful construction techniques.
  • Prefabrication  is a practice of assembling components of a structure in a factory  or  other manufacturing  site and transporting complete assemblies to  the construction site where the structure is located.
  • On industrial basis it is accepted in Civil Engineering ,car, aircraft , manufacturing  without question



HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT: PREFABRICATION
    1. Prefabrication has been used since ancient times. For example, it is claimed that the world's oldest known engineered roadway, the Sweet Track constructed in England around 3800 BC, employed prefabricated timber sections brought to the site rather than assembled on-site
    2. Sinhalese kings of ancient Sri Lanka have used prefabricated buildings technology to erect giant structures, which dates back as far as 2000 years, where some sections were prepared separately and then fitted together, specially in the Kingdom of Anuradhapura and Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
    3. In 19th century Australia a large number of prefabricated houses were imported from the United Kingdom.
    4. The method was widely used in the construction of prefabricated housing in the 20th century, such as in the United Kingdom to replace houses bombed during World War II.
    5. The Crystal Palace, erected in London in 1851, was a highly visible example of iron and glass prefabricated construction; it was followed on a smaller scale by Oxford Rewley Road railway station.
    6. The Victorian Engineers took their lead from the earlier pioneers of the Industrial Revolution and tackled many projects in ways which were then innovative,  to produce structure which could not  be made without prefabrication
    7. Stephenson in 1845 moved the main box girders for the Britannia Bridge across the Menai Straits on barges to be then jacked up on their final abutments.
    8. Concrete structures have also been similarly constructed and moved in a variety  of ways.


How is the scope of precast construction in India?
Employment for about 33 million people in India.
Rapid development in its technology,
In this line, Indian construction industry now marches towards high rise constructions in housing and industrial buildings, underground tunnelling, roads, etc.
The present economic growth demands faster construction without losing quality aspects and without project delay, project cost outfit involved in labour shortage or similar related construction uncertainties. This further justifies the use of precast technology.

In India, European technology is being used widely in precast factories for concrete batching, handling and placing purposes at the moment. Among those, WECKENMANN Anlagentechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Germany, having its own office in Delhi NCR, is one of the notable and established players in supplying both automatic/semi-automatic machineries for typical precast factory installations.

In Delhi NCR - Ghaziabad, BCC Infrastructures is developing a huge township where precast concrete elements of wall panels, lattice girder half slabs, staircases and balconies will be produced at site factory to erect high rise residential towers. The precast on-site factory will be operational in the first quarter of 2014.

The future of precast construction in India: a forecast
The number of existing precast facilities in India which produce both floor and wall panels and also possess the requisite knowledge is clearly concentrated mainly around the major cities of the country.

But this will certainly change in the near future. In the coming years, especially in the middle and lower residential construction segments, there will continue to be a very strong demand. These demands, in conjunction with increasing customer requirements in the areas of quality and delivery time, can only be met with a successful introduction of new production methods such as precast technology.

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